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Storage Requirements
- Cargo Type: Select shelf types based on cargo form. Pallet racks are suitable for regular boxed or palletized goods, while cantilever racks work for long-shaped materials (e.g., pipes, boards). Irregular bulk items may require mezzanine shelves for layered storage.
- Cargo Weight: Determine shelf load-bearing capacity according to single/item weight. Light-duty shelves: ≤150kg per layer; medium-duty: 150–500kg per layer; heavy-duty: >500kg per layer.
- Storage Volume: Calculate shelf quantity and size based on warehouse/store space and expected cargo volume. Reserve 10%–20% expansion space for future business growth.
Space Layout
- Site Dimensions: Measure the length, width, and height of the space to avoid shelf size conflicts with the site (e.g., excessive height or width causing waste or installation issues).
- Aisle Requirements: Reserve appropriate aisle widths based on handling equipment:
- Forklift operation: 3–5 meters
- Manual pallet truck: 2–2.5 meters
- Manual picking area: 1.2–1.5 meters
Access Efficiency
- FIFO/LIFO Needs: For perishable goods or fast-turnover items, choose FIFO-compatible shelves (e.g., flow racks). For general goods, LIFO shelves (e.g., beam racks) are more space-efficient.
- Picking Frequency: High-frequency picking scenarios (e.g., >100 orders/day) may require gravity racks or shuttle rack systems to improve access efficiency.
Budget Considerations
- Procurement Cost: Compare costs across materials (e.g., steel-wood vs. all-steel structures) and choose cost-effective solutions that meet storage needs.
- Maintenance Cost: Prioritize shelves with anti-rust treatments (e.g., electrostatic spraying, hot-dip galvanizing) and modular designs to reduce long-term maintenance costs.
Other Key Factors
- Safety: Opt for shelves with stability features and safety devices (e.g., guardrails, limiters) to prevent cargo falls and ensure personnel safety.
- Environmental Fitness:
- Food/pharmaceutical industries: Choose shelves meeting hygiene standards (e.g., 304 stainless steel).
- Cold storage environments: Use low-temperature-resistant steel with reinforced connections.
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